FEF, Kimya Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Phytotoxicity and growth enhancement properties of magnesium and zinc co-doped aluminum oxide nanoparticles on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Phytotoxicity and growth enhancement properties of magnesium and zinc co-doped aluminum oxide nanoparticles on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Alghofaili, Fatimah; Tombuloğlu, Hüseyin; Almessiere, Munirah A.; Tombuloğlu, Güzin; Akhtar, Sultan; Turumtay, Emine Akyüz; Baykal, Abdulhadi; Turumtay, Halbay Nanotechnology has been utilized in diverse domains, encompassing sustainable agriculture. However, the ecotoxicity and environmental safety of nanoparticles need to be evaluated before their large-scale use. This study synthesizes and characterizes magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) co-doped aluminum (Al) oxide (MgZnAl2O4) NPs and elucidates its potential growth-promoting or genotoxic performance on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). XRD, EDX, TEM, SEM, and XPS were used to characterize the MgZnAl2O4 NPs. After characterization, the seedlings were grown in a hydroponic solution containing 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg L−1 NPs for 3 weeks. The germination, growth indices, photosynthetic parameters, and nutrient absorption properties were determined. Confocal microscopy, TEM, and SEM were utilized to follow the path and reveal the structural and morphological effects of NPs. The potential genotoxic effect was evaluated using the RAPD-PCR method. Elemental composition analysis of plant parts confirmed that synthesized MgZnAl2O4 NPs, sized at 21.8 nm, were up-taken by the plant roots, leading to increased Mg, Zn, and Al contents of leaves. In addition, compared with the untreated control, the abundance of Ca, K, B, Fe, Mn, and Cu were increased by the NPs treatment. In addition, physiological indices like germination rate (~ 11%), root and leaf growth (15–29%), chlorophyll, and carotenoids (~ 39%) pigments were significantly raised by the NPs inclusion. It can be concluded that low concentrations (< 200 mg L−1) of MgZnAl2O4 NPs enhance growth parameters effectively and are safe for plant growth. On the other hand, a phytotoxic and genotoxic impact was observed at high concentrations (100–400 mg L−1). However, considerable amounts of NPs were found to be adsorbed on roots, disrupting root morphology and cell membrane integrity, thus nutrient trafficking and transport. Therefore, it is recommended that MgZnAl2O4 NPs can be used in barley breeding programs at low concentrations. Adding micro- or macroelements required by plants to the NP composition is a promising way to compensate for plant nutrition. However, the negative effects of MgZnAl2O4 NPs on the environment and other living beings due to their genotoxic effects at high doses must be carefully considered.

Biscoumarin derivatives bridged quinazolinedion: synthesis, molecular docking study, and cytotoxic activities

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Biscoumarin derivatives bridged quinazolinedion: synthesis, molecular docking study, and cytotoxic activities Akyüz, Gülay; Menteşe, Emre; İlhan, Süleyman; Emirik, Mustafa; Atmaca, Harika Cancer remains the leading cause of human morbidity worldwide. A new series of coumarin-quinazolinedion-coumarin conjugates were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity towards selected human cancer cell lines: T-98G glioblastoma, PC-3 prostate, and MCF-7 breast cancer, and HEK-293 human embryonic kidney, utilizing Doxorubicin as a reference drug. Compounds 4, 3d, and 3b derivatives demonstrated higher cytotoxic activity against all cancer cells at 72 h as compared to the reference drug Doxorubicin. Molecular docking analyses revealed that the synthesized compounds bind to the active sites of the ATPase domain of human DNA topoisomerase IIα and support the experimentally determined anticancer activity.

Determination of tannin activity and Paenibacillus alvei (Cheshire & Cheyne) Ash et al. (Bacillii: Paenibacillaceae) on the biocontrol of tannin-tolerant Agelastica alni L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Determination of tannin activity and Paenibacillus alvei (Cheshire & Cheyne) Ash et al. (Bacillii: Paenibacillaceae) on the biocontrol of tannin-tolerant Agelastica alni L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae Altun, Nurver; Topçu, Emel; Kılcı, Leyla; Karaoğlu, Şengül Alpay; Faiz, Özlem Tannins are among the most abundant secondary metabolites synthesized by plants. Agelastica alni L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a critical forest pest. This study investigated the effect of Paenibacillus alvei (Cheshire & Cheyne) Ash et al. (Bacillii: Paenibacillaceae) and tannins against A. alni larvae. The larvae were collected from the Çayeli district of Rize province in 2022. In the feeding experiments, artificial diets containing 1.25%, 2.5% and 5% tannins were prepared. 100 and 200 µl of P. alvei were applied to the infected groups. Nutritional indices, pupal masses, phenoloxidase activities, antioxidant enzyme activities and mortality rates of larvae fed with different diets were studied. Relative consumption rate (RCR) increased with tannin concentration in all groups. Relative growth rate (RGR) increased with rising tannin concentrations across all groups. In the infected groups, the increase in tannin concentration caused a decrease in developmental time. While superoxide dismutase and phenoloxidase activities of uninfected larvae decreased with tannin concentration, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities of larvae increased. In infected larvae, catalase activity decreased with increasing tannin concentration. The dose of P. alvei caused an increase in superoxide dismutase and phenoloxidase activities, but did not affect catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. The diet containing 5% tannic acid had the lowest mortality rate.

Enhancing the energy density of zn-ion capacitors using redox-active choline anthraquinone electrolyte

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Enhancing the energy density of zn-ion capacitors using redox-active choline anthraquinone electrolyte Brahma, Sumana; Huddleston, Jonathan; Kapancık Ülker, Emine; Lahiri, Abhishek Owing to ease of recyclability, high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g−1), safety, facile manufacture, and high energy density, Zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) are emerging as promising capacitors and have attracted substantial attention. However, aqueous ZICs frequently encounter several difficulties, comprising low coulombic efficiency, low Zn anode deposition/stripping efficiency, hydrogen evolution, fast capacity decay, and Zn dendrite formation. Hence, to inhibit the formation of Zn dendrites, it is important to tune the electrolyte and the electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, the key problems are tackled by using choline-based electrolytes. ZIC with ZnCl2 in the presence of choline chloride yields good capacity and inhibits Zn dendrite formation due to the adsorption of choline at the interface. To further increase the energy density of the device, redox-active choline anthraquinone sulphonate (ChAQS) additives are synthesized and incorporated into the ChCl/ZnCl2 system. The constructed graphene-based aqueous ZIC with the novel (ChCl/ ChAQS /ZnCl2) electrolyte system shows a high specific capacity of 460 F g−1 and a high energy density of 185 Wh kg−1 at 0.25 A g−1. These outcomes demonstrate an innovative pathway to fabricate biobased redox electrolytes for emerging sustainable energy storage devices.