A comparative analysis of preoperative tympanometry and intraoperative findings in patients otitis media with effusion

Abstract

Otitis media with effusion is one of the most commonly encountered diseases by otolaryngologists. Hearing loss is the most common symptom, particularly affecting academic performance in school-age children. Therefore, establishing an accurate diagnosis is crucial. The primary diagnostic method is an otoscopic ear examination. Tympanometry is the most frequently used technique for diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to compare the results of tympanometric examinations with intraoperative findings. Our study included a total of 126 patients with a diagnosis of chronic otitis media with effusion and a decision for surgery, comprising 224 ears that were followed by our clinic. All patients underwent at least one myringotomy. Ventilation tubes were inserted in cases of glue ear. Preoperative physical examination and tympanometry results were compared with intraoperative findings. Of the 126 patients, 81 were male. The mean age was 5.3 years (range: 2-15). Preoperatively, 135 ears exhibited Type B tympanogram, and 89 ears exhibited Type C tympanogram. The rate of tube insertion was statistically significant in cases with type B tympanogram. Additionally, the tube insertion rate was determined to be 32.5% in cases with Type C tympanograms. In conclusion, diagnosing effusive otitis media is a crucial matter. While physical examination is the most important diagnostic tool, it may sometimes be insufficient. Tympanometry is a highly useful method for improving the diagnostic rate of this condition.