Renal and adrenal problems in neuro-intensive care

Abstract

Renal and adrenal issues are common complications encountered in the neuro-intensive care setting and can significantly impact patient outcomes. This brief overview summarizes the key considerations and challenges associated with renal and adrenal dysfunction in neurologically critically ill patients. Renal complications in neuro-intensive care often manifest as acute kidney injury (AKI), resulting from various etiologies. AKI in these patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition, early intervention, and close monitoring of renal function are crucial in optimizing patient care. In addition, adrenal insufficiency is another important endocrine issue observed in neurointensive care. Patients with acute brain injury, particularly subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury, risk developing adrenal insufficiency due to hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction. Early recognition and timely administration of corticosteroids are vital in preventing adrenal crises and improving patient outcomes. In conclusion, renal and adrenal dysfunction pose significant challenges in the care of neurologically critically ill patients. Understanding the underlying mechanisms, early detection, and appropriate management strategies are crucial to improving patient outcomes.