Evaluation of color stability and surface roughness of bulk-fill resin composites and nanocomposites

Abstract

Objective: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability and surface roughness of four bulk-fill resin composites (SonicFill, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, X-tra fil, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior) and three nanocomposites (G-aenial Universal Flo, Herculite XRV Ultra, Filtek Ultimate) after an aging simulation. Materials and Methods: the upper surfaces of prepared composite discs were polished with Sof-Lex discs. the samples were subjected to a thermocycling process for 3000 cycles, then immersed in the prepared mixture solution for two weeks. Before and after the aging simulation, profilometer and spectrophotometer were used to measure surface roughness (Ra) and color of the composite discs. the color change (Delta E) of each material was calculated. Results: the Delta E values showed a statistically significant difference among the studied materials (p<0.001). the Ra values of X-tra fil, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, SonicFill, and Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior were significantly increased by the aging process (p<0.001), while G-aenial Universal Flo, Filtek Ultimate, and Herculite XRV Ultra showed steady roughness (p<0.001). Conclusion: Filtek Ultimate showed greater susceptibility to staining. Microhybrid X-tra fil and nanohybrid SonicFill with higher filler amounts revealed more surface deterioration.