A prospective study for gestational diabetes mellitus: Analysis of risk factors in Turkish women for early prediction

Abstract

Objective: To define risk factors for the early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) because the risk of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth increases in mothers who are diagnosed with GDM.

Materials and methods: A prospective study was designed and the data were collected by physicians prospectively from the patients who came to the clinic between the years 2019 and 2021; informed consent was obtained from the women. The prospective data comprised 489 patient records with 72 variables and the risk factors for early prediction of GDM were determined using logistic regression and random forest (RF), which is an advanced analysis method.

Results: The obtained sensitivity and specificity values are 90% and 75% for logistic regression and 71% and 90% for the RF, respectively.

Conclusion: In this prospective study of GDM in Turkish women; age, body mass index, level of hemoglobin A1c, level of fasting blood sugar, physical activity time in first trimester, gravidity, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were confirmed to be risk factors in analysis results.