The histomorphological and stereological assessment of rat dorsal root ganglion tissues after various types of sciatic nerve injury
Künye
Delibaş, B., & Kaplan, S. (2023). The histomorphological and stereological assessment of rat dorsal root ganglion tissues after various types of sciatic nerve injury. Histochemistry and cell biology, 10.1007/s00418-023-02242-0. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-023-02242-0Özet
Peripheral nerve injuries lead to signifcant changes in the dorsal root ganglia, where the cell bodies of the damaged axons
are located. The sensory neurons and the surrounding satellite cells rearrange the composition of the intracellular organelles
to enhance their plasticity for adaptation to changing conditions and response to injury. Meanwhile, satellite cells acquire
phagocytic properties and work with macrophages to eliminate degenerated neurons. These structural and functional changes
are not identical in all injury types. Understanding the cellular response, which varies according to the type of injury involved,
is essential in determining the optimal method of treatment. In this research, we investigated the numerical and morphological
changes in primary sensory neurons and satellite cells in the dorsal root ganglion 30 days following chronic compression,
crush, and transection injuries using stereology, high-resolution light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and behavioral
analysis techniques. Electron microscopic methods were employed to evaluate fne structural alterations in cells. Stereological evaluations revealed no statistically signifcant diference in terms of mean sensory neuron numbers (p>0.05), although
a signifcant decrease was observed in sensory neuron volumes in the transection and crush injury groups (p<0.05). Active
caspase-3 immunopositivity increased in the injury groups compared to the sham group (p<0.05). While crush injury led
to desensitization, chronic compression injury caused thermal hyperalgesia. Macrophage infltrations were observed in all
injury types. Electron microscopic results revealed that the chromatolysis response was triggered in the sensory neuron bodies from the transection injury group. An increase in organelle density was observed in the perikaryon of sensory neurons
after crush-type injury. This indicates the presence of a more active regeneration process in crush-type injury than in other
types. The efect of chronic compression injury is more devastating than that of crush-type injury, and the edema caused by
compression signifcantly inhibits the regeneration process.