Endodontic status and oral health in athlete and non-athlete young adults in relation to nutrition and psychological factors

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to compare highly trained athletes and non-athlete individuals in terms of endodontic status and oral health parameters, considering nutritional and psychological factors. Highly trained athletes (n = 50) and non-athlete individuals (n = 50) aged 18–30 years were included. Clinical examination evaluated the endodontic and periapical status, decay experience (DMF-T), non-carious tooth wear and periodontal indexes. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), Perceived Stress Scale and Mental Well-Being Scale were administered. In addition, daily nutrient elements and potential renal acid load (PRAL) were calculated using a one-year food frequency questionnaire. Comparisons between the groups used the independent t-test/Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test and ANCOVA (α = 0.05). Athletes showed higher numbers of teeth requiring endodontic treatment, periapical index scores, decayed teeth, and periodontal index scores compared to non-athletes (p < 0.05). PRAL, organic acid, vitamin D, B vitamins, meal frequency, and mental well-being were also higher in athletes (p < 0.05). Sucrose, carbohydrate, and vitamin C intake had significant effects on endodontic status (p < 0.05). The results revealed that athletes had higher numbers of teeth requiring endodontic treatment, decayed teeth, and periodontal symptoms. Education and prevention programs on oral care and nutrition may help improve their oral health.