Measurement of virtual reality experiences through electroencephalography

Abstract

The evolution of virtual reality (VR) technology over recent decades has created a demand for reliable measurement tools to analyze user experience. Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a viable neurophysiological instrument for measuring cognitive and physiological responses in virtual environments. This study consolidates existing literature on EEG-based measurement methodologies for VR experiences, including cognitive load evaluation, attention monitoring, visual fatigue identification, and user engagement measurement. The analysis indicates that EEG may proficiently detect neural correlates of VR immersion, with distinct frequency bands (alpha, beta, theta, gamma) exhibiting consistent patterns throughout research studies. Principal findings reveal that theta and gamma bands are more pertinent to emotion processing in VR, whereas alpha power exhibits consistent connections with attention and relaxation states. Current challenges include motion artifacts, individual variability, and standardization issues. Future directions point toward the integration of EEG-Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) for adaptive VR systems and real-time experience optimization. This review provides evidence-based recommendations for advancing objective VR experience measurement through neurotechnological approaches.