Pathological effects of prenatal exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field on the 21-day-old male rat kidney

Abstract

We investigated the effects on kidney tissue of 900 megahertz (MHz) EMF applied during the prenatal period. Pregnant rats were exposed to 900 MHz EMF, 1 h/day, on days 13-21 of pregnancy; no procedure was performed on control group pregnant rats or on mothers or newborns after birth. on postnatal day 21, kidney tissues of male rat pups from both groups were examined by light and electron microscopy. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione levels also were investigated. Light microscopy revealed some degenerative changes in the tubule epithelium, small cystic formations in the primitive tubules and large cysts in the cortico-medullary or medullary regions in the experimental group. Electron microscopy revealed a loss of peritubular capillaries and atypical parietal layer epithelial cells in the experimental group. Biochemical analysis showed significantly increased MDA levels in the experimental group and decreased SOD and CAT levels. EMF applied during the prenatal period can caused pathological changes in kidney tissue in 21-day-old male rats owing to oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant enzyme levels.